Artisan Biochar

Low tech
pyrolysis

Low tech pyrolysis

We give village artisans a simple steel kiln and a clear method, and together we turn invasive Prosopis juliflora into biochar that holds its carbon in the soil for centuries. Every batch is recorded as it is made, so the carbon it stores can be certified and sold as credits under the Global Artisan C-Sink methodology.

The Kari Kontikki Kiln, which we build in Coimbatore from 10 mm steel and rate for firing at up to 700 °C.

31632721
tonne

Each kiln takes in a tonne of Prosopis over a working day.

55669851
tonne

Each kiln takes in a tonne of Prosopis over a working day.

68423641
tonne

Each kiln takes in a tonne of Prosopis over a working day.

72154641
tonne

Each kiln takes in a tonne of Prosopis over a working day.

32201013
57843149
11900230
kg

That tonne comes out as 350 kg of finished biochar.

68943503
52366384
29203840
kg

That tonne comes out as 350 kg of finished biochar.

12250103
52429582
22503950
kg

That tonne comes out as 350 kg of finished biochar.

03626993
59098729
80813170
kg

That tonne comes out as 350 kg of finished biochar.

44311387
08919353
54090680
°C

The steel is built to carry pyrolysis at up to 700 °C.

41087357
06237378
57301050
°C

The steel is built to carry pyrolysis at up to 700 °C.

78821537
09686455
29354010
°C

The steel is built to carry pyrolysis at up to 700 °C.

30154547
08907881
93341010
°C

The steel is built to carry pyrolysis at up to 700 °C.

C-Sink

Core Immigration & Business Services

C-Sink

Core Immigration & Business Services

01 — The Kontikki kiln

A cone of steel that burns its own smoke

The Kontikki is our open-top conical kiln, which we fabricate from 10 mm steel at our own carbon machinery unit in Coimbatore. It works on the flame-curtain principle that the Global Artisan C-Sink guidelines recognise for artisanal biochar. The artisan feeds it in thin layers onto a glowing bed, the gases from each new layer catch fire across the mouth of the cone, and the char settling below matures at up to 700 °C, which is the range in which biochar carbon becomes most stable.

About Step Image

This is what happens inside the kiln while it is firing.

1

Flame curtain

Flame curtain

As the wood heats up, it gives off gases that burn in a steady sheet of flame across the mouth of the kiln. That flame eats up the smoke and keeps oxygen away from the char underneath.

As the wood heats up, it gives off gases that burn in a steady sheet of flame across the mouth of the kiln. That flame eats up the smoke and keeps oxygen away from the char underneath.

As the wood heats up, it gives off gases that burn in a steady sheet of flame across the mouth of the kiln. That flame eats up the smoke and keeps oxygen away from the char underneath.

As the wood heats up, it gives off gases that burn in a steady sheet of flame across the mouth of the kiln. That flame eats up the smoke and keeps oxygen away from the char underneath.

2

Pyrolysis gases

Pyrolysis gases

Each fresh layer warms up on the hot bed below and releases its gases, which rise straight into the flames and burn there.

Each fresh layer warms up on the hot bed below and releases its gases, which rise straight into the flames and burn there.

Each fresh layer warms up on the hot bed below and releases its gases, which rise straight into the flames and burn there.

Each fresh layer warms up on the hot bed below and releases its gases, which rise straight into the flames and burn there.

3

Fresh feedstock

Fresh feedstock

The artisan adds a new, thin layer of Prosopis stems or crop residue whenever the surface below has turned to glowing char.

The artisan adds a new, thin layer of Prosopis stems or crop residue whenever the surface below has turned to glowing char.

The artisan adds a new, thin layer of Prosopis stems or crop residue whenever the surface below has turned to glowing char.

The artisan adds a new, thin layer of Prosopis stems or crop residue whenever the surface below has turned to glowing char.

4

Char bed

Char bed

Below the flames, the char stays hot and cut off from the air. It reaches up to 700 °C, and at that heat its carbon settles into stable structures that last.

Below the flames, the char stays hot and cut off from the air. It reaches up to 700 °C, and at that heat its carbon settles into stable structures that last.

Below the flames, the char stays hot and cut off from the air. It reaches up to 700 °C, and at that heat its carbon settles into stable structures that last.

Below the flames, the char stays hot and cut off from the air. It reaches up to 700 °C, and at that heat its carbon settles into stable structures that last.

5

Air at the rim

Air at the rim

Air comes in at the rim, and the burning gases use up its oxygen before any of it can reach the char.

Air comes in at the rim, and the burning gases use up its oxygen before any of it can reach the char.

Air comes in at the rim, and the burning gases use up its oxygen before any of it can reach the char.

Air comes in at the rim, and the burning gases use up its oxygen before any of it can reach the char.

6

Pivot and lever

Pivot and lever

Once the batch is quenched, one person tips the whole cone on its pivots with the lever and empties it in a single movement, standing safely behind the heat barrier.

Once the batch is quenched, one person tips the whole cone on its pivots with the lever and empties it in a single movement, standing safely behind the heat barrier.

grow the next harvest, and the loop continues.

Once the batch is quenched, one person tips the whole cone on its pivots with the lever and empties it in a single movement, standing safely behind the heat barrier.

Kiln technical schematic
01 / GEOMETRY

Technical specifications

10mm steel
Mouth diameter
6.5 ft (≈ 1.98 m)
Lower base diameter
3 ft (≈ 0.91 m)
Height
5 ft (≈ 1.52 m)
Material
10 mm steel
Features
Heat barrier, rotatable dumping lever, support stand

01 — The Kontikki kiln

The flame becomes the curtain

When charcoal is made the traditional way, in an earth mound, the gases coming off the wood leak out for days as thick, choking smoke. In the Kontikki, those same gases rise into the flame curtain and burn within minutes, so their energy goes into heating the next layer and the air around the kiln stays much cleaner for the people working beside it.

The bigger gain is where the carbon ends up. Prosopis that is burned in the open or sold as firewood puts its carbon back into the atmosphere within months. When the same wood goes through the Kontikki, about three-quarters of the carbon in the char is expected to stay in the soil for at least a hundred years.

What field measurements show

Grams per kilogram of char

Carbon monoxide

85% less
Traditional kilns
351
Flame curtain
54

Volatile organic compounds

89% less
Traditional kilns
53
Flame curtain
6
Methane, counted honestly

Methane is the one gas where flame-curtain kilns perform about the same as traditional ones. The C-Sink guidelines therefore count roughly 30 kg of methane for every tonne of biochar, and every project has to make up for it, for example by planting trees and caring for them for twenty years.

Methane is the one gas where flame-curtain kilns perform about the same as traditional ones. The C-Sink guidelines therefore count roughly 30 kg of methane for every tonne of biochar, and every project has to make up for it, for example by planting trees and caring for them for twenty years.

These figures come from Cornelissen et al. (2016), Emissions and char quality of flame-curtain “Kon Tiki” kilns for farmer-scale charcoal/biochar production, PLoS ONE 11(5): e0154617. Each pair of bars is drawn to its own scale.

C-Sink carbon credits

From a single batch to a certified carbon sink.

The Global Artisan C-Sink guidelines, published by Carbon Standards International, explain how biochar made by trained artisans in flame-curtain kilns can be registered as a carbon sink. All of the evidence is collected right at the kiln, so every batch carries its own record from the land it was harvested on to the soil where it ends up. Once verified, the carbon dioxide it stores is issued as certificates that companies buy and retire as carbon removal credits, and the same batch records work with other registries that accept dMRV-based biochar.

The Global Artisan C-Sink guidelines, published by Carbon Standards International, explain how biochar made by trained artisans in flame-curtain kilns can be registered as a carbon sink. All of the evidence is collected right at the kiln, so every batch carries its own record from the land it was harvested on to the soil where it ends up. Once verified, the carbon dioxide it stores is issued as certificates that companies buy and retire as carbon removal credits, and the same batch records work with other registries that accept dMRV-based biochar.

Every artisan takes the C-Sink training and passes its exam, and we register each kiln with its exact surface area and depth so that the volume of every batch can be worked out.

KARI / BATCH RECORD
KE–001
CHAIN OF CUSTODY / STEP 01

Train and register

Every artisan takes the C-Sink training and passes its exam, and we register each kiln with its exact surface area and depth so that the volume of every batch can be worked out.

How a tonne of biochar becomes credits

01 / BIOCHAR1 t

of biochar comes out of the kiln.

02 / CARBON75%

of it is carbon, less a 3% safety margin.

03 / CONVERSION3.67

tonnes of CO₂ match each tonne of carbon.

04 / RETENTION74%

of that carbon is still stored after 100 years.

CERTIFIED LASTING SINK≈ 1.97 t

of CO₂e is certified as a lasting sink.

This is the Global Artisan C-Sink worked example for Kon-Tiki biochar made above 650 °C with H/C below 0.4. Each project’s certified figure depends on laboratory analysis of its own feedstock.

04 / ONGOING PROJECT IN TENKASI DISTRICT

From invasive thicket
to soil carbon.

In Tenkasi, we identify Prosopis juliflora—locally known as seemai karuvelam—using satellite imagery and multispectral analysis. Village artisans harvest it and make biochar in Kontikki kilns. The biochar goes into farm soils, with every batch on record.

Detect — Kari Energy
01 / 05Detect
FROM INVASIVE THICKET TO SOIL CARBONTENKASI / TAMIL NADU
01

Detect

We use satellite imagery and multispectral analysis to map where Prosopis is growing across the district and to estimate how much biomass each plot will give.

02

Harvest

Village teams clear the mapped stands, cut the stems to a size that fits the kiln and leave them to dry so that they burn cleanly.

03

Carbonise

Artisans tend the Kontikki through the day and turn a tonne of Prosopis into 350 kg of biochar.

04

Lock in permanence

Once it is quenched and enriched, the biochar is worked into farm soils, where its carbon stays put for centuries.

05

Verify

Every batch is documented through dMRV, and we keep watching the cleared land from space for any regrowth and for native plants coming back.

Where the tonne goes

A day at one Kontikki

35% biochar65% vapour & gases
1,000 kg

of Prosopis goes into the kiln each day.

350 kg

comes out as biochar, which is a yield of 35%.

650 kg

leaves as water vapour and as gases that burn off in the flame curtain.

05 — Impact

What one kiln delivers in a year

These are indicative figures for a single Kontikki working 300 days a year at the Tenkasi rate of a tonne of Prosopis a day. Every new kiln that a district or an offtake partner brings into the programme adds another set of them.

00283703
01477229
26049620
t

of invasive Prosopis is cleared from the land.

40832903
04685893
41402020
t

of invasive Prosopis is cleared from the land.

55948193
02409489
41153050
t

of invasive Prosopis is cleared from the land.

53394003
07265013
35736910
t

of invasive Prosopis is cleared from the land.

11477061
04422653
43622415
t

of biochar is put back into farm soils.

41348581
06001685
08400685
t

of biochar is put back into farm soils.

34033511
04575626
20462445
t

of biochar is put back into farm soils.

62616431
08387013
49235125
t

of biochar is put back into farm soils.

25500552
05315386
65503157
t

CO2e is kept out of the atmosphere for at least a century, based on the C-Sink worked example.

03093002
05429934
69875497
t

CO2e is kept out of the atmosphere for at least a century, based on the C-Sink worked example.

26954892
00432588
95915127
t

CO2e is kept out of the atmosphere for at least a century, based on the C-Sink worked example.

25646852
02307784
16049427
t

CO2e is kept out of the atmosphere for at least a century, based on the C-Sink worked example.

02770723
01165291
57538750
days

of paid work in the village go to every artisan crew.

85271193
06782151
95230310
days

of paid work in the village go to every artisan crew.

91363303
02619271
92145720
days

of paid work in the village go to every artisan crew.

37614003
03833395
93430210
days

of paid work in the village go to every artisan crew.

These numbers are indicative. Certified volumes will depend on laboratory analysis of carbon content, methane compensation and independent verification.

These numbers are indicative. Certified volumes will depend on laboratory analysis of carbon content, methane compensation and independent verification.

Six goals served by one value chain

Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals

Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals

Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals

2

Zero Hunger

Biochar helps smallholder soils hold on to water and nutrients, and it builds a healthier soil structure over the years.

3

Good Health and Well-being

The flame curtain burns off most of the carbon monoxide and volatile organics, so people living and working near the kiln breathe far cleaner air.

8

Decent Work and Economic Growth

Trained village artisans earn a living through the year from harvesting the wood, running the kilns and applying the biochar.

12

Responsible Consumption and Production

Wood cleared from invasive stands finds a second life as a durable product inside a circular value chain.

13

Climate Action

Every batch takes carbon out of circulation and stores it for centuries, with C-Sink verification standing behind it.

15

Life on Land

Clearing Prosopis directly supports target 15.8 on invasive alien species and frees the land for native restoration.

Collaborate

Durable removals, secured through offtake

When a company signs a forward offtake with us, it gets a steady supply of verified, long-lasting carbon removals from a project its people can visit, measure and explain to others. That commitment is what puts kilns and artisan crews to work from the very first season, and every certificate retired in the company's name leads back to a documented batch, a cleared stand of Prosopis and a farm where the carbon now rests.

Durable removals

Durable removals

Durable removals

Biochar carbon stays in the soil for centuries, which gives your net-zero plan removals that hold across generations.

Biochar carbon stays in the soil for centuries, which gives your net-zero plan removals that hold across generations.

Evidence for every tonne

Evidence for every tonne

Evidence for every tonne

Each certificate is backed by batch-level dMRV, with geotagged photos, GPS video and laboratory results that you can inspect yourself.

Each certificate is backed by batch-level dMRV, with geotagged photos, GPS video and laboratory results that you can inspect yourself.

Price and volume certainty

Price and volume certainty

Price and volume certainty

A multi-year agreement locks in your supply and price, and it funds the kilns and artisan crews from the first day.

A multi-year agreement locks in your supply and price, and it funds the kilns and artisan crews from the first day.

Co-benefits worth reporting

Co-benefits worth reporting

Co-benefits worth reporting

Invasive species removal, village jobs and healthier soils give your CSR programme and your BRSR disclosures real stories to tell.

Invasive species removal, village jobs and healthier soils give your CSR programme and your BRSR disclosures real stories to tell.

07 — For Tamil Nadu

Invasive species management that pays its own way

Invasive species management that pays its own way

Tamil Nadu has made clearing invasive plants a statewide priority through its Policy on Invasive Plants and Ecological Restoration. In March 2026 the Madras High Court went further and set out a framework for removing seemai karuvelam that encourages district-level enterprises, public-private partnerships and self-help groups to put the cleared wood to good use. Artisan biochar gives that wood its most valuable use, turning what used to be a clearance cost into carbon revenue, rural income and restored land.

Clear

Teams remove the mapped Prosopis stands from public and private land.

01

Clear

Teams remove the mapped Prosopis stands from public and private land.

01

Carbonise

Village artisans and self-help groups turn the wood into biochar.

02

Carbonise

Village artisans and self-help groups turn the wood into biochar.

02

Earn

Every batch brings in revenue from carbon credits and biochar sales.

03

Earn

Every batch brings in revenue from carbon credits and biochar sales.

03

Reinvest

That revenue pays artisan wages and funds the next round of clearing.

04

Reinvest

That revenue pays artisan wages and funds the next round of clearing.

04

Restore

Cleared land is replanted with native species and watched by satellite, and then the cycle starts again.

05

Restore

Cleared land is replanted with native species and watched by satellite, and then the cycle starts again.

05

18,604 ha

18,604 ha

of forest land infested with Prosopis was still waiting to be cleared in December 2025, and many more stands grow on revenue, village and private land outside the forests.

Source: Tamil Nadu Forest Department, invasive species progress report

18,604 ha

of forest land infested with Prosopis was still waiting to be cleared in December 2025, and many more stands grow on revenue, village and private land outside the forests.

Source: Tamil Nadu Forest Department, invasive species progress report

Lower net cost of removal

Lower net cost of removal

Carbon and biochar revenue cover part of the cost of clearing every hectare, so district and conservation budgets go further.

Measurable progress

Measurable progress

Satellite maps and batch records give district administrations a clear, checkable account of how many hectares have been cleared, how much wood has been converted and whether the Prosopis is growing back.

Livelihoods for self-help groups

Livelihoods for self-help groups

Artisan crews and self-help groups earn from every batch, and restoration becomes a rural business in its own right.

Native land restored

Native land restored

Cleared plots are handed back for native planting, and the biochar-enriched soil gives young saplings a stronger start.